Problem converting gmsh to xdmf for fenics

Simply by inspecting mesh_from_file

In [1]: mesh_from_file
Out[1]: 
<meshio mesh object>
  Number of points: 64
  Number of cells:
    line: 10
    line: 20
    line: 10
    line: 9
    line: 3
    line: 3
    line: 9
  Cell sets: Interior, Left, Right, Neutral, gmsh:bounding_entities
  Point data: gmsh:dim_tags
  Cell data: gmsh:physical, gmsh:geometrical
  Field data: Interior, Left, Right, Neutral

you see that there are no triangular cells in your mesh.
This is because you have not used any Physical Surface in pygmsh, i.e.
adding:

model.add_physical([interior], "Interior Surface")

resolves the issue.